#Th9 hypercube drivers#
#Th9 hypercube full#
#Th9 hypercube series#

#Th9 hypercube series#

We compared each of the methods abilities to discern periods of flow from synthetic and field data of streambed temperature time series data. To identify suitable alternative approaches, we tested six time‐frequency analysis methods from three categories: (a) Fourier transform, (b) wavelet transform, and (c) empirical mode decomposition.

However, this technique requires the specification of multiple, subjective constraints. To identify periods of flow and no‐flow, previous studies deployed temperature sensors on streambed surfaces and interpreted the resulting time series data using a moving standard deviation approach. The determination of flow state remains an important challenge in non‐perennial stream catchments. In conclusion, we highlight the potential of hyporheic restoration to efficiently manage and reactivate ecosystem functions and services in river corridors. It identifies major research gaps in our understanding of hyporheic processes. The paper showcases the critical importance of hyporheic zones, both from a scientific and an applied perspective, and their role in ecosystem services to answer the question of the manuscript title. It also exerts a major control on river water quality by increasing the contact time with reactive environments, which in turn results in retention and transformation of nutrients, trace organic compounds, fine suspended particles, and microplastics, among others. These previous efforts have shown that the hyporheic zone is a modulator for most metabolic stream processes and serves as a refuge and habitat for a diverse range of aquatic organisms.

#Th9 hypercube drivers#

We elaborate on the main physical, biological, and biogeochemical drivers and processes within the hyporheic zone that have been studied by multiple scientific disciplines for almost half a century. The hyporheic zone is a ubiquitous, reactive interface between the main channel and its surrounding sediments along the river network. Rivers are important ecosystems under continuous anthropogenic stresses. Combining FO-DTS with other techniques, such as thermal infrared reflectometry (TIR) or geophysics can provide insights into the impacts that the hydrogeological characteristics of the subsurface material can have on defining exchange patterns (i.e., to inform about the existence of different components of groundwater-surface water interactions, such as groundwater discharge, interflow, and local downwelling, depending on the hydrogeology). Subsequent research has showed the potential of this technique for estimating vertical exchanges by measuring thermal profiles with a higher depth resolution, or obtaining spatial flux patterns within the shallow streambed at relatively high resolution. , enables the spatio-temporal identification of the patterns of surface water-groundwater interactions. Among the multiple thermal techniques, fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing (FO-DTS), pioneered by Selker et al. Thehigh density of measurements provided a 3D picture of temper-ature change over time within the study reach, and would besuitable for long-term monitoring in man-made environmentssuch as constructed wetlands, recharge basins, and water-delivery channels, where a firm understanding of spatial andtemporal variation in infilt ration is imperati ve for optimalfunctioning. Due to lack of diurnal signal at depths below 0.1 m,mean temperature was better able to identify probable areas ofwater movement at depths of 0.25–0.5 m below the channel.

At a depthof 0.1 m below the channel, plots of amplitude suggested areas ofadvective water movement (as confirmed by the 1D and 3Dmodels).

#Th9 hypercube full#

These results are com-pared to fluid flux estimates from a one-dimensional (1D)advection-conduction model and to the results of a previousstudy that used a full three-dimensional (3D) model. However,this study demonstrates the mer its of summarizing high-resolution temperature data, obtained from a fiber optic cableinstallation at several depths within a water delivery channel, intodaily amplitudes and mean temperatures. Such computationally light analysis isoften discounted in favor of more complex models. Time-series temperature data can be summarized toprovide valuable information on spatial variation in subsurfaceflow, using simple metrics.